Superman, Batman, Spider-Man, Wonder Woman, The Avengers – these are just a few of the superheroes from the comic books of the past that have flooded our movie and television screens for many years now. There is a seemingly never-ending stream of movies and TV shows about dystopian themes that require the intervention of someone of superior strength, courage and intellect – often from another planet or realm – to intervene on behalf of humanity before the annihilation of the planet or the domination of the world by an evil person or force. Conversely, there is an endless supply of supervillains for us to root against and to thrust our fears upon.
This fascination with superheroes is nothing new. Almost every culture throughout history has fashioned a simple oral tradition or an ornate mythology that recounts stories of human and divine heroes and villains in an ongoing battle for the fate of the world and the survival of humanity. These stories, myths and movies manifest a historical, shared dread that things in the world – even the cosmos – are not as they should be, and a shared, often desperate hope (wish) that we are not left to our own devices and that there is someone or something that can save us.
A significant difference between the past and the present, as it relates to superheroes and, more specifically, to gods and other spiritual forces, is that throughout most of history, most people took for granted the reality of these beings, whether benevolent or malicious. However, since around the 1700s, the beginning of the Age of Enlightenment, and through the Modern and Postmodern eras in which we now live, there has been a rise in atheism, agnosticism, and deism. Through the writings and teachings of various scientists, philosophers, politicians and even theologians, doubt was cast on the reality of anything beyond what our five senses can tell us about life and the universe, and that even if there is a God or gods, humanity has been given the gift of intelligence and reason and left to ourselves. Basically, there is no outside help available; no one is coming to save us.
